Details, Fiction and Birefringent Crystal
Details, Fiction and Birefringent Crystal
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各向异性透明晶体如方解石、石英等的折射率，是其固有的特性，称为永久双折射。
In the same way, the polarization state of a laser beam in the laser crystal with thermally induced birefringence is distorted. The kind of distortion is determined by the placement, since the birefringent axis provides a different (e.
The expression anisotropy refers to a non-uniform spatial distribution of Homes, which ends up in various values remaining received when specimens are probed from quite a few Instructions within the exact materials. Noticed properties are often depending on The actual probe getting utilized and infrequently fluctuate relying on the if the observed phenomena are determined by optical, acoustical, thermal, magnetic, or electrical gatherings.
Birefringence is formally outlined given that the double refraction of light in the transparent, molecularly purchased content, that is manifested via the existence of orientation-dependent discrepancies in refractive index. Lots of transparent solids are optically isotropic, meaning which the index of refraction is equivalent in all directions through the crystalline lattice.
where by n(e) and n(o) are classified as the refractive indices experienced from the extraordinary and ordinary rays, respectively. This expression retains real for any element or fragment of the anisotropic crystal except mild waves propagated together the optical axis with the crystal. Because the refractive index values for every part will vary, the absolute worth of this big difference can figure out the entire volume of birefringence, nevertheless the indication of birefringence is going to be possibly a damaging or beneficial value.
弯曲光纤中也存在类似的效应，由于激光器晶体中的热效应，会产生去极化损耗。
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Frequently, however, just one discounts with conditions the place the propagation way is in among the list of planes spanned from the principal axes of index ellipsoid, and in these kinds of cases the calculation is yet again moderately simple. This is generally the case in calculations for stage matching of nonlinear frequency conversion processes.
This is often the most common method of section matching for several sorts of nonlinear frequency conversion including frequency doubling and optical parametric oscillation.
Although it is typical to interchangeably utilize the phrases double refraction and birefringence to indicate the flexibility of an anisotropic crystal to independent incident gentle into common and extraordinary rays, these phenomena basically seek advice from distinct manifestations of precisely the same procedure. The particular division of a light-weight ray into two obvious species, Just about every refracting at a unique angle, is the process of double refraction.
Figure 8(a) illustrates the anisotropic tetragonal, birefringent crystal in an orientation where by the extended (optical) axis of your crystal lies parallel into the transmission azimuth in the polarizer. In this case, light passing through the polarizer, and subsequently in the crystal, is vibrating in a very aircraft which is parallel for the route from the polarizer. Mainly because none of the light incident on the crystal is refracted into divergent ordinary and amazing waves, the isotropic mild waves passing from the crystal fall short to create electric vector vibrations in the proper orientation to traverse from the analyzer and yield interference results (begin to see the horizontal arrow in Figure 8(a), as well as here the dialogue underneath).
这一效应可应用于双折射调谐器中，因为它是与波长相关的（尽管折射率差与波长无关）。该效应通过自相位调制和交叉相位调制而与功率相关（参阅非线性偏振态旋转），有时用于光纤激光器中的被动锁模。
Microscopists classically make reference to this orientation as getting a place of extinction with the crystal, which is crucial to be a reference place for figuring out the refractive indices of anisotropic supplies having a polarizing microscope. By eradicating the analyzer in the crossed polarizing microscope, the single permitted course of sunshine vibration passing with the polarizer interacts with just one electrical element inside the birefringent crystal.
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在激光器技术和非线性光学中，双折射现象通常发生在非各向同性晶体中：